Car structure.



L T. CANHELD.

CAR STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR-9, 1914.

Patented May 22, 1917.

2 $HEETS-SHEET 1.

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L. T. CANFIELD.

CAR STRUCTURE. APPLICATION Magma- 9. 19.

Patented May 22, 1.917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- UNITED STATES; PATENT oFFi oE.

LEWIS T. CANFIELD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIG-NQiR; TO I. MURPHX E COMPANY, OF PARNASSUS. BENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

CAR STRUCTURE.

of Illinois. have invented a certain new and 'uset'ul improvement in Car Structures, of which the following is av full. clear, concise. and exact description. reference being had to theaccompanying drawings. forming a part of this specification. I

My invention relates to cars and more particularly to the root portions thereof, and has for its general object the improved formation of a car root out of sheet metal, preferably sheetsteel. whereby rattei (known in car buildei's' parlance as car 'lines and purlins)' supplied in addition to the root" need not be employed.

In accordance with one feature invention the sheet metal oi the ear roof has portions thereot" t'ormed into folds of U-shape with the sides of the folds preterab'ly spaced apart to form channels in-the root. These tolds'not only constitute; car

root supporting ratters but. are themselves also parts of the roof structure, and lwhile the are preferably integrally formed withthe uncha'iiiieled portions of. the root' strueff tine that intervene therelwtween, l do not wish to be limited to this arrangement. 'lhese ratters 'a'ref desirably upwardly ex tended above th Leneral level or position of the root to increase to the iiii i .\'inuun the inner height otthecar witli -a -.minim'um outer height. As the lengths ot" cars are usually much greater than their widths. these rafters are disposed transversely' of the car bodies to constitute carlines.

in accordance with another feature of myinvention,.the sheet metal root is formed in sections assembled lengthwise, of tlie. 'iii', thc zuljacent transverse ends of adjacent sections being formed into carlines, one carline receiving another to constitute a. composite carline of increased strength. The

interengaging earlines are desirably riveted together, aroot structure resulting which is sulliciently flexible to permit. relative vertical movements at dit'ferent parts of the ear, but which roof structure at the, same time operates to avoid diagonal distortions. Another single carline is desirably formed in the mid portionot each root? section.

At the eaves'the'ends of the channel carlines arecollapsed to close the san and Specification of Letters Patent.

of my I Patnteaiiia 22, 191 7.

Application filed March 9, 1914. Serial No. 823,339.

'to enable their attachment to the sides of the car body.

In accordance with another teature ot the invention. the root' sections are spaced above the side plates at the eaves and portions of said root' sections'are flat tened-or depressed to rest upon said side plates.

The inventionfinds a very useful emb0di ment in treight cars. butis not to be linnted I to this adaptation.

i will further set forth my invention by a description of the preferred embodiment thereof shown in the aceompanyinn draw inns. but to which embodiment I do not wish to be. limitedf In the drawings Figure 1, is aplan view of a car ha vine. a rootconstructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional view-on the line 2-2-of Fig. 1: Fig. 23 is a sectional view on the line 3-3 of Fig.1: Fig. i is a longitudinal sectional view of a part of the structure drawn to a. larger scale than Fig. '2. said section being taken on the line t-.t of Fig.5; Fig. 5 is a fragmentary transverse section of the ear roof drawn to a larger scale than Fig. I"); and Fig. (3 a. plan view, partially broken iaway. showing a part of the structure as it-nppea 's'in Fig.1. 1. said section being taken Like parts are-indicated by similar characters of reference throughout the ditierent figures.

2 are preferably of Z-bars as illustrated most,

clearly in Fig. 3. The intermediate and vertical portions of the Z-bars are engaged with the outervertical faces or the car body lwhile the lower llOi'lZOIittll; branches oi the Z-bars are connected with the usual anchor ing angle irons-3.

The root is made in sections 4:, the material preterably being sheet steel one-eighth of an inch in thickness. llach roof section t preferably completely spans the width of the car body and is desirably curved in the are of a circle of large radius. I have e n ployeda curvature defined by a circle having a radius of sixteen iteet. though obviously the curvature may be increased or decreased within reasonable hnnts, though the inveir tion is not to be limited to the employment of a curved roof. The curvature of the roof sections 4 continues to the outer edges of the upper horizontal branches of the Z-bars 2. the i'oof sections touching said upper hori zontal branches at the outer edges thereof only. The wot sections 4 are in etl'ect spaced above the side plates The. roof sections are flattened or dcpresswl at intervals at their longitudinal margins as indicated at 5, these flattened or depressed portions resting on and being riveted to the upper insetting horizontal branches of the Z-bars which constitute the side plates for the roof as hitherto described. Instead of employing rafters separate from the roof. I desirably integrally form these rafters with theroof sections r to constitute continuing parts of the roof. As the invention is embodied the rafters are formed by upwardly bulging the root as indicated at 3, 7 and 8 and as the cars are usually-of'coi'isiderable length in comparison with their width, these rafters are disposed transversely of the car body and therefore constitute carlines, though the invention is not to beli'miteil to the transverse disposition of the rafters. As appears most clearly in Fig. 4. the carlines at t), 7

and R are. each in the form of an inverted U,

as viewed in cross-section, that projects above the general level or position of theroof.

'lhese carlines are desirably curved transversely of the car body similar to the transverse curvature of the structure. whereby they resist any tendency to depress the roof, the anchorages at 5 being sutliciently firm to enable this result. As the invention is preferably.embodied each roof section 4 has one carline at its midportion and a carline at each edge that is parallel with the middle c'arline. The carlines 7 are formed by pressing up corri'lgations or ridgeslongitudinally of the roof sections 4. The carlines (3 and S are formed by overlappingupstanding flanges which are U-sh ape i'n'cross-section and which extend along the longitudinal edges of the roof sections 4. r l I l he sections 4 are assembled in shingle fashion, eaclrtlange of each section overlying the. section to constitute composite car-lines, these flanges -.l; eing riveted together as indicated at the adjacent. flange of the adjacent left of Fig. 4L- Each flange is in the form of an inverted modified U, the outer leg of each U being preferably sh orten ed. B y the over] apping of adjacent flanges of adjacent; roof sections 4, the roof sections are sufliciently flexibly connected at their adjacei'it edges to permit of relative ertical movements in different portions of the car, the arrangement alsoperinitting of expansion and contraction without injury to the roof. The rivet-' ingot the roof sections occurs at the tops of the inverted channels that nnstitute the carlines rather than at the lower portions balance of the roof car roof at the ends of the rafters. bars at the ends of the car body have their 1 of the roof structure whereby there are no cracks in the lower portion of the roof structure through which water may enter, andyas water is not likely to lodge at the tops of the carhnes the. roof is practicallywater tight though made of riveted sections. These advantages are gained while the roof structure is adapted at the same time to prevent material diagonal distortions. By disposing the carlines or rafters above the general position of the roof instead of beneath the same the interior height of the car body is increased to a maximum for a given minimum outer height. The inverted channels afforded by my, formation of carlines are closed at their ends by collapsing the ends of the carlines which may be done by abruptly sharpening thcfcurves at the top end portions of the carlines as indicated in Fig. 3, the tops of the carlines being brought downwardly to parallel the outer surfaces of the mid pm'tions of the longitudimil Z- bars. to whi h Z-bar portions the downwardly detlected or collapsed parts of the cal-lines are riveted 'asindicated mostclearly in Fig. 5. The curvature at the top end poltions of the carlines (3' and 8 is. abruptly sharpened byreason of thcfact. that the inverted U-shaped flanges along the longitudi- I nal edges of the roof sections4 decrease in depth near the. caves and merge into the plane of said roof sections ata point short of the ends thereof. The unchanneled sheet metal portions of the roof between the carlines are also downwardly deflected along the longitudinal sides of the earbody into contact with the intern'iediateor vertical portions of the longitudinal Z-bars as indicated most clearly in Fig. 2, rivets uniting the longitudinal Z-bars,.the downwardly extending continuations of the earlines and the downwardly extending contimlations of the unchanneled portions of the roof, whereby the car body and the rooftUU'jOlllOd along the longitudinalsides of the car body without intervenin interstices of material size and .whereby the. strength of the Z-bar is added to. The elimination of the inte 'tices is due tothe absence of irregularities in the car roof along the. longitudinal edges of the. car roof' which is due to the sharpening-0f the (airvature-of the car roof at its sides and the consequent merger of the rafters into the The Z- upper branches curved or disposed scans to correspond with the selected contour of the. roof (whether curved, flat or otherwise), the adjacent roof sections 4 being turned down at their outer transverse margins as indicated at 10 in Fig. 2. Y

There is illustrated the usual form ofrunning board at 9, this board being secured in any suitable manner to the roof as, for example, 1s mdlcated 1n Fig. 3.

lVhile I nave herein shown and partied having thus described my invention I claim ea the following as new and desire to secure by Letters Pat- A car frame having side plates, a roof supported by said frame. and comprising sheet metal sections, said sections being spaced above said sideplates at the'eaves and having portions thereof depressed to bear upon the tops of said side platesyand flanges on-the ends of said sections projecting over the eaves, said flanges being secured together to 'form eaves guards and longitudinal stifl'eners'for the roof between saiddepressions. I

2, A. car framehaving side plates, aroof supported by said side plates and consisting solely of sheet metal sections, said sections extending from eaves to eaves and having their longitudinal side margins overlapped and riveted together, said sections being spaced above said side platesat the eaves and. having portions thereof depressed to bear upon the tops of said side plates, and flanges on theendsof said sections projecting over the eaves, said flanges being overlapped and secured together to form eaves guardsandlongitudinal stifieners for the Y roof between said depressions.

3. A car frame having side plates, a roof supported on said frame and consisting solely of sheet metal sections, said sections extending from eaves to eaves and having along their longitudinal edges upstanding flanges substantially inverted -U shape incross-section, the flanges of adjacent sections being overlapped and riveted together to constitute carlines, said flanges decreasing,

in depth vnear the eaves andmerging into the plane of said sections short of the ends thereof, theend portions of said sections extending downwardly outside of said side plates and being overlapped and riveted to-- gether to constitute eaves guards and stiffeners secured to the upright faces of said side plates at and between {the ends of said carlines.

4. A car frame having side plates, a roof:

formed of sheet metal sections spannmg'the car from side late to side plate, said sections being arclied upward crosswise of the car and having a plurality of. upstanding ribs of arched shape formed therein, the ends of said plates and ribs beingbent down alongside ofsaid .side plates and riveted thereto, portions of the ends of said sections H between said ribs being depressed to' rest upon said side plates tosupport the arched portions of said sections and ribs above said side plates and out of contact therewith .during the operation of a and riveting them in place. 5. A carvframe having 'side plates,'a roof formedof sheet metal sections spanning the car from side plate to side plate, said sec t'ionsbeing arched upward crosswise of the ssembling the sections car and having upstanding ribs of arched shape formed therein, the ends of said plates and ribs being bent down incontinuous end rflanges'alongside of said side plates and riv eted thereto to form eaves stifieners. crosswise of said ribs, portions of the-ends of said sections being depressed to rest upon said side plates to support the arched portions of said sections and ribs above said side plates and out of contact therewith during the oping them in place.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 28th day of Feb. A. 1).,

eration of assembling the sections and rivet- 

